According to AlmaLaurea surveys, 6% of graduates in Italy go abroad, but territorial differences emerge. The incidence of those employed abroad is higher in the border regions and in some large regions of the North, while it is lower in the South, where internal mobility towards the Centre and North prevails. There could be reasons of “cultural proximity”, first of all of linguistic continuity with neighboring countries.

Those who leave are mainly men and graduates in STEM disciplines, characterized by a higher propensity to expatriate and higher salary repercussions abroad.

The experience abroad during the studies is strongly correlated with the subsequent choice to work outside Italy. Expats show higher career expectations than those who stay in Italy. The main reasons concern interesting job offers from abroad and the lack of suitable opportunities in the Italian context.

Only a small share (about 17%) foresees a probable return to Italy, with even lower probabilities among those with a stable contract. Flexible working methods (smart working) and a generally higher level of job satisfaction are more widespread abroad.